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Diversity and productivity on the farm

Commonly a relative yield advantage (‘overyield’) is obtained from a polyculture system versus a monoculture system.

An overview is given here of the annual production of a small scale Philippine polyculture farmer using every possible resource available to him, including vertical as well as horizontal space.

 

Crop

Annual yields in kgs.

(416 sq.mt. plot)

Equivalent yields

(kgs. per hectare)

Upper storey

Banana

186

4,471

Papaya

195

4,687

Third storey

Cassava

184

4,423

Maize

125

3,005

Sugar cane 

210

5,048

Okra

24

577

Second storey

Taro

200

4,808

Arrowroot

50

1,202

Chile Pepper

192

Ground layer

Swamp Cabbage 

200 

4,808

Sweet Potato 

600 

14,423

Squash

75

1,803

Total

2,057

49,447

This production was accomplished without the use of any insecticides, hybrid seeds, irrigation or mechanical farm implements and only a small amount of chicken manure was used. Compared with the average production of small-scale rainfed rice/mungbean cultivation (1.3 tons/ha for traditional varieties; 1.4 tons/ha for hybrid cultivars) this is very high. Although these figures are not totally comparable they give a clear indication that polyculture greatly out produces its monocultural counterparts, even those with ‘Green Revolution’ inputs. Most cereal-legume based polycultures and agroforestry systems found throughout the tropics are examples of ‘overyielding’ polycultures.

Source : 'Return to the Good Earth', Third World Network

Click here to read about other techniques, practices and specialised forms of organic farming.

Pages on this website relevant to farm diversity, polyculture, integration and biodiversity :

Integration of systems

Crop rotation and polyculture

Global centres of biodiversity

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